慢病随访管理系统：常见的慢性疾病有哪些？

　　　　常见的慢性疾病有哪些？

What are common chronic diseases?

　　目前常见的慢性疾病主要有以下几种：风湿免疫科：银屑病；

The common chronic diseases currently include the following: Rheumatology and Immunology: Psoriasis;

　　神经内科主要包括脑出血，脑梗死遗留下来的后遗症，失语、活动障碍等，除此之外还有帕金森以及癫痫；

Neurology mainly includes cerebral hemorrhage, sequelae left by cerebral infarction, aphasia, activity disorders, etc. In addition, there are also Parkinson's disease and epilepsy;

　　内分泌科主要包括糖尿病导致的心脑肾眼等并发症，以及甲亢导致的心功能不全；呼吸科主要包括肺心病，尤其是肺心病的失代偿期；

Endocrinology department mainly includes complications such as heart, brain, kidney and eye caused by diabetes, and cardiac insufficiency caused by hyperthyroidism; Respiratory department mainly includes pulmonary heart disease, especially the decompensated period of pulmonary heart disease;

　　心血管科主要指高血压合并心脑肾眼等并发症；

Cardiovascular disease mainly refers to hypertension combined with complications such as heart, brain, kidney, and eye;

　　消化科主要是指慢性肝炎的活动期。

Gastroenterology mainly refers to the active phase of chronic hepatitis.

　　从以上几种慢性病可以看出，其单独的原发性的病灶往往不会被列为慢性病，只有当其出现了心脑肾眼等并发症时，才属于慢性病范畴，因为这些并发症其带来的危害，往往要超过原发病带来的危害，比如高血压患者，单纯的血压升高及下降，医生只需要用药物进行调整即可，但是如果患者出现了并发症，则处理上非常困难，会出现心脏的并发症，表现为心衰、心梗；颅脑并发症表现为脑梗和脑出血；眼的并发症主要是视乳头水肿，甚至失明；而对于肾脏的并发症，主要表现为肾梗死，这些并发症的危险性都远远超过普通高血压波动对人体造成的危害。

From the above several chronic diseases, it can be seen that their individual primary lesions are often not classified as chronic diseases. Only when complications such as heart, brain, kidney, and eye occur, they belong to the category of chronic diseases, because the harm brought by these complications often exceeds the harm brought by the original disease. For example, in patients with hypertension, simple blood pressure rise and fall can be adjusted by doctors with medication. However, if patients have complications, treatment is very difficult, and heart complications such as heart failure and myocardial infarction may occur; Craniocerebral complications manifest as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage; The main complications of the eye are optic disc edema and even blindness; For renal complications, the main manifestation is renal infarction, and the risk of these complications far exceeds the harm caused by fluctuations in normal hypertension to the human body.

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